1. Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNICEF). How AIDS changed everything—MDG 6: 15 years, 15 lessons of hope from the AIDS response. Geneva, Switzerland. 2015. http://www.unaids.org/sites/default/files/media_asset/MDG6Report_en.pdf . Accessed 22 August 2015.
2. The INSIGHT START Study Group. Initiation of antiretroviral therapy in early asymptomatic HIV infection. N Eng J Med. 2015. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1506816 . A trial of over 4000 patients in 35 countries, showed that the risk of death, a serious AIDS-related event, or a serious non–AIDS-related event was 57% lower among those treated early than among those treated when the CD4+ cell count decreased to 350 cells per cubic millimeter. INSIGHT and TEMPRANO confirm previous observational studies and add important new evidence that advances our knowledge of the risks and benefits of early ART in patients with CD4+ cell counts of more than 500 cells per cubic millimeter.
3. The TEMPRANO ANRS 12136 Study Group. A trial of early antiretrovirals and isoniazid preventive therapy in Africa. N Eng J Med. 2015. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1507198 . This study involved over 2000 patients in the Ivory Coast, and showed that early ART initiation was associated with a 44% lower risk of death or severe HIV-related illness than was ART initiated according to prevailing World Health Organization criteria.
4. Cohen MS, Chen YQ, McCauley M, Gamble T, Hosseinipour MC, Kumarasamy N, et al. Prevention of HIV-1 infection with early antiretroviral therapy. N Engl J Med. 2011;365(6):493–505. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1105243 .
5. World Health Organization (WHO). Guideline on when to start antiretroviral therapy and on pre-exposure prophylaxis for HIV. Geneva, Switzerland: 2015. Available from: http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/10665/186275/1/9789241509565_eng.pdf?ua=1 . Accessed: Accessed.