Author:
Brinkmann Annika,Kohl Claudia,Pape Katharina,Bourquain Daniel,Thürmer Andrea,Michel Janine,Schaade Lars,Nitsche Andreas
Abstract
AbstractPoxviruses are known to evolve slower than RNA viruses with only 1–2 mutations/genome/year. Rather than single mutations, rearrangements such as gene gain and loss, which have been discussed as a possible driver for host adaption, were described in poxviruses. In 2022 and 2023 the world is being challenged by the largest global outbreak so far of Mpox virus, and the virus seems to have established itself in the human community for an extended period of time. Here, we report five Mpox virus genomes from Germany with extensive gene duplication and loss, leading to the expansion of the ITR regions from 6400 to up to 24,600 bp. We describe duplications of up to 18,200 bp to the opposed genome end, and deletions at the site of insertion of up to 16,900 bp. Deletions and duplications of genes with functions of supposed immune modulation, virulence and host adaption as B19R, B21R, B22R and D10L are described. In summary, we highlight the need for monitoring rearrangements of the Mpox virus genome rather than for monitoring single mutations only.
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Subject
Virology,Genetics,Molecular Biology,General Medicine
Reference64 articles.
1. World Health Organization Global Commission for the Certification of Smallpox Eradication (1979) The achievement of global eradication of smallpox: final report of the Global Commission for the Certification of Smallpox Eradication, Geneva, December 1979. Geneva: WHO.
2. Lloyd-Smith JO (2013) Vacated niches, competitive release and the community ecology of pathogen eradication. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 368:20120150. https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2012.0150
3. Reynolds MG, Carroll DS, Karem K (2012) Factors affecting the likelihood of monkeypox’s emergence and spread in the post-smallpox era. Curr Opin Virol 2:335–343. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coviro.2012.02.004
4. Ladnyj ID, Ziegler P, Kima EA (1972) A human infection caused by monkeypox virus in basankusu territory, democratic republic of the congo. Bull World Health Organ 46:593–597
5. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) (2003) Multistate outbreak of monkeypox–Illinois, Indiana, and Wisconsin. Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 52:537–540
Cited by
4 articles.
订阅此论文施引文献
订阅此论文施引文献,注册后可以免费订阅5篇论文的施引文献,订阅后可以查看论文全部施引文献