Abstract
AbstractThe name of the oncogene, ras, has its origin in studies of murine leukemia viruses in the 1960s by Jenny Harvey (H-ras) and by Werner Kirsten (K-ras) which, at high doses, produced sarcomas in rats. Transforming retroviruses were isolated, and its oncogene was named ras after rat sarcoma. From 1979, cellular ras sequences with transforming properties were identified by transfection of tumor DNA initially by Robert Weinberg from rodent tumors, and the isolation of homologous oncogenes from human tumors soon followed, including HRAS and KRAS, and a new member of the family named NRAS. I review these discoveries, placing emphasis on the pioneering research of Christopher Marshall and Alan Hall, who subsequently made immense contributions to our understanding of the functions of RAS and related small GTPases to signal transduction pathways, cell structure, and the behavior of normal and malignant cells.
Funder
University College London
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Reference56 articles.
1. Weiss, R. A., & Vogt, P. K. (2011). 100 years of Rous sarcoma virus. Journal of Experimental Medicine, 208, 2351–2355.
2. Skalka, A. M. (2018). Discovering retroviruses. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
3. Harvey, J. J. (1964). An unidentified virus which causes the rapid production of tumours in mice. Nature, 204, 1104–1105.
4. Kirsten, W. H., & Mayer, L. A. (1967). Morphological responses to a murine erythroblastosis virus. Journal of the National Cancer Institute, 39, 311–335.
5. Rasheed, S., Gardner, M. B., & Huebner, R. J. (1978). In vitro isolation of stable rat sarcoma viruses. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences U.S.A., 75, 2972–2976.
Cited by
16 articles.
订阅此论文施引文献
订阅此论文施引文献，注册后可以免费订阅5篇论文的施引文献，订阅后可以查看论文全部施引文献