Politeness in Human–Robot Interaction: A Multi-Experiment Study with Non-Humanoid Robots

Author:

Kumar ShikharORCID,Itzhak Eliran,Edan YaelORCID,Nimrod GalitORCID,Sarne-Fleischmann VarditORCID,Tractinsky NoamORCID

Abstract

AbstractWe studied politeness in human–robot interaction based on Lakoff’s politeness theory. In a series of eight studies, we manipulated three different levels of politeness of non-humanoid robots and evaluated their effects. A table-setting task was developed for two different types of robots (a robotic manipulator and a mobile robot). The studies included two different populations (old and young adults) and were conducted in two conditions (video and live). Results revealed that polite robot behavior positively affected users' perceptions of the interaction with the robots and that participants were able to differentiate between the designed politeness levels. Participants reported higher levels of enjoyment, satisfaction, and trust when they interacted with the politest behavior of the robot. A smaller number of young adults trusted the politest behavior of the robot compared to old adults. Enjoyment and trust of the interaction with the robot were higher when study participants were subjected to the live condition compared to video and participants were more satisfied when they interacted with a mobile robot compared to a manipulator.

Funder

H2020 Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions

Ben-Gurion University of the Negev

Publisher

Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Subject

General Computer Science,Human-Computer Interaction,Philosophy,Electrical and Electronic Engineering,Control and Systems Engineering,Social Psychology

Reference59 articles.

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