Caudal bupivacaine supplemented with morphine or clonidine, or supplemented with morphine plus clonidine in children undergoing infra-umbilical urological and genital procedures: a prospective, randomized and double-blind study-Reference-Cited by-同舟云学术

Caudal bupivacaine supplemented with morphine or clonidine, or supplemented with morphine plus clonidine in children undergoing infra-umbilical urological and genital procedures: a prospective, randomized and double-blind study

Published:2011-12-10 Issue:2 Volume:26 Page:213-218
ISSN:0913-8668
Container-title:Journal of Anesthesia
language:en
Short-container-title:J Anesth

Author:

Fernandes Magda L.,Pires Kleber C. C.,Tibúrcio Moacir A.,Gomez Renato S.

Publisher

Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Subject

Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine

Link

http://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00540-011-1297-y.pdf

Reference31 articles.

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2. Wolf AR, Valley RD, Fear DW, Roy WL, Lerman J. Bupivacaine for caudal analgesia in infants and children: the optimal effective concentration. Anesthesiology. 1988;69:102–6.

3. de Beer DA, Thomas ML. Caudal additives in children—solutions or problems? Br J Anaesth. 2003;90:487–98.

4. Jensen BH. Caudal block for post-operative pain relief in children after genital operations. A comparison between bupivacaine and morphine. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand. 1981;25:373–5.

5. Shapiro LA, Jedeikin RJ, Shalev D, Hoffman S. Epidural morphine analgesia in children. Anesthesiology. 1984;61:210–2.

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