1. Berne, R.M. and Levy, M.N. (eds.) (1997) Cardiovascular Physiology, 7th Ed. Mosby, St. Louis, MO (Chapter 2, Electrical Activity of the Heart, pp. 7–54; Chapter 3, The Cardiac Pump, pp. 55–82).
2. Berne, R.M. and Levy, M.N. (eds.) (1998) Physiology, 4th Ed. Mosby, St. Louis, MO (Chapter 23, The Cardiac Pump, pp. 360–378).
3. Costanzo, L.S. (1998) Physiology. Saunders, Philadelphia, PA (Chapter 4, Cardiovascular Physiology, pp. 99–162).
4. Germann, W. and Stanfield, C. (eds.) (2002) Principles of Human Physiology. Benjamin Cummings, San Francisco, CA (Chapter 12, The Cardiovascular System: Cardiac Function, pp. 369–402).
5. Mohrman, D.E. and Heller, L.J. (eds.) (2003) Cardiovascular Physiology, 5th Ed. Chapter 2, Characteristics of Cardiac Muscle Cells, McGraw-Hill, New York, NY, pp. 19–46.