1. President’s Commission for the Study of Ethical Problems in Medicine and Biobehavioral Research, Securing Access to Health Care Vol 1 (US Government Printing Office, 1983).
2. George Gilder, Wealth and Poverty (New York: Basic Books, 1981). 3Robert Nozick, Anarchy, State and Utopia (New York: Basic Books, 1974). 4See Marc Siegler, “A Physician’s Perspective on a Right to Health Care,” Journal of the American Medical Association (October 3, 1980), pp. 1591–1596, and James F. Childress, “A Right to Health Care?” Journal of Medicine and Philosophy, 4, June 1979, 132–147.
3. Hume’s remark on this point is instructive: “Justice takes its rise from human conventions ... and these are intended as a remedy to some inconveniences, which proceed from the concurrence of certain qualities of the human mind with the situation of external objects. The qualities of the mind are selfishness and limited generosity; and the situation of external objects is their easy change, join’d to their scarcity in comparison of the wants and desires of men .... Encrease to a sufficient degree the benevolence of men, or the bounty of nature, and you render justice useless, by supplying its place with much nobler virtues, and more favourable blessings.” A Treatise of Human Nature 2nd edition, ed. Selby-Bigge (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1978), pp. 494–495. Quoted in Michael J. Sandel, Liberalism and the Limits of Justice (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1982), p. 32.
4. Allen E. Buchanan, “The Right to a’Decent Minimum’ of Health Care,” in Report of the President’s Commission for the Study of Ethical Problems in Medicine and Biomedical and Behavioral Research, Securing Access toHealth Care Vol. 2 (US Government Printing Office, 1983). 7John Stuart Mill, Utilitarianism (New York: The Liberal Arts Press, 1957), p. 66. 8Ibid p. 67.
5. John Rawls, A Theory of Justice (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1971), p. 4. 10Ronald Dworkin, Taking Rights Seriously (Cambridge: Harvard Univer