1. Baccetti, B., and B.A. Afezelius. 1976. The biology of the sperm cell. Monographs in Developmental Biology 10: 1–254.
2. Birkhead, T.R., D.J. Hosken, and S.S. Pitnick. 2009. Sperm biology: an evolutionary perspective. Academic press.
3. Brown, G.G. 1970. Some ultrastructural aspects of spermatogenesis and sperm morphology in the brine shrimp Artemia salina Leach (Crustacea: Branchiopoda). Proceedings of the Iowa Academy of Sciences 76: 473–486.
4. Clark, W.C. 1981. Sperm transfer mechanisms: some correlates and consequences. New Zealand Journal of Zoology 8 (1): 49–65.
5. Criel, G. 1992. Gametogenesis, fertilization and development in Artemia sp. (Crustacea: Anostraca). Geaggregeerde voor het Hoger Onderwijs, D.Sc.Thesis, University of Ghent.