The Arctic Fjord Breeze: Characteristics of a Combined Sea Breeze and Valley Wind in a Svalbard Fjord Valley
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Published:2023-12
Issue:1-3
Volume:189
Page:281-304
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ISSN:0006-8314
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Container-title:Boundary-Layer Meteorology
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language:en
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Short-container-title:Boundary-Layer Meteorol
Author:
Henkies MatthiasORCID, Høyland Knut VilhelmORCID, Shestov AlekseyORCID, Duscha ChristianeORCID, Sjöblom AnnaORCID
Abstract
AbstractThermally-driven circulations are a frequent meteorological phenomenon in complex Arctic terrain, but the Arctic fjord breeze, a combined sea-breeze and up-valley wind, has received little attention. A field campaign was conducted in the valley Adventdalen in Svalbard in summer 2022 using a Scanning Doppler Lidar and automatic weather stations. It is shown that a local up-valley circulation occurred frequently in this valley, and that it was driven by the temperature and pressure gradient between valley and fjord, i.e., a fjord breeze. The fjord breeze existed in both large-scale up-valley and down-valley winds. Its strength, extent and depth varied due to the diurnal cycle of solar irradiation as well as the interaction with large-scale winds. In contrast to typical lower-latitude breezes, the Arctic fjord breeze could persist over several days. The breeze was found to be relatively strong even under small horizontal temperature contrasts and opposing large-scale winds, possibly due to an increase in the thermal pressure gradient by the surrounding topography.
Funder
Norges Forskningsråd The University Centre in Svalbard
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Subject
Atmospheric Science
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