Genetic diversity of the Turkish accessions of two progenitor species, Triticum baeoticum Boiss. and Triticum urartu Thum. ex Gandil., using DArTSeq markers

Abstract

AbstractThe aim of this study was to reveal the intra and interspecies differences between Triticum baeoticum and Triticum urartu using Diversity Arrays Technology sequencing (DArTseq) on 94 accessions representing Turkish populations. Seeds were gathered from the US Department of Agriculture, and from the Turkish Seed Gene Bank. Isolated and purified DNA samples were sent to Diversity Arrays Technologies for DArTseq. After the necessary quality filtering, a total of 16,898 and 100,103 loci were obtained respectively from the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) and SilicoDArT datasets. ADMIXTURE software was used to reveal the intra and interspecies population structures. Analysis of molecular variance was carried out to reveal the variance between the populations of the T. urartu and T. baeoticum species. Principal coordinate analysis was conducted to visualize the main sources of variation between the populations on a 2-dimensional plane. To reveal the evolutionary relationship, SNP dataset was used to reconstruct the phylogenetic dendrograms by using the maximum likelihood statistical method and the unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean clustering algorithm. As a result of this study, the accessions of T. urartu and T. baeoticum species formed separate clusters and revealed as two different species. In line with the results obtained, it is obvious that the identification of some accessions should be re-evaluated. The results demonstrated that DArTseq, is a fast, low-cost, and high-accuracy method that can be used in species and population discrimination and an effective tool for Gene Bank management.