Abstract
AbstractA new electrode based on carbon paste (CP) modified with natural clay was used for heavy metals detection. The investigation of the raw clay material (X-ray diffraction, infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, thermal analysis and particle size distribution) revealed different morpho-structural properties of the natural material. The electrochemical behaviour of the modified carbon paste electrode and its ability to detect heavy metals (Zn2+, Cd2+, and Cu2+) was studied by different electrochemical techniques like cyclic voltammetry (CV), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and square wave anodic stripping voltammetry (SWASV). Both electrochemical and analytical parameters of the investigated modified electrode recommend them as stable, sensitive and reproducible sensors for individual heavy metals detection.
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Reference49 articles.
1. Waqar A, Hua Z, Junaid M, Mao K, Xu N, Chang C, Rasool A, Aslam MW, Ali J, Yang Z (2021) Insights into the mechanisms of arsenic-selenium interactions and the associated toxicity in plants, animals, and humans: a critical review. Crit Rev Environ Sci Technol 51:704–750. https://doi.org/10.1080/10643389.2020.1740042
2. Fort CI, Pop LC (2020) Heavy metal and metalloid electrochemical detection by composite nanostructures. In: Baia L, Pap Z, Hernadi K, Baia M (eds) Advanced nanostructures for environmental health. Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp 185–250. https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-815882-1.000
3. ***, European Drinking Water Directive, Council Directive 92008/105/EC of 16 December 2008 on Environmental Quality Standards in the Eld of Water Policy, E. Union (Ed.), vol. OJ L 348/84 24.12.2008, (Chapter Annex 1).
4. ***, Directive (EU) 2020/2184 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 16 December 2020 on the quality of water intended for human consumption (recast) (Text with EEA relevance) OJ L 435, 23.12.2020, p. 1–62.
5. ***, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Risk Assessment, Management and Communication of Drinking Water Contamination; US EPA 625/4-89/024, EPA, Washington, DC. 1989.