Evaluation of Antibacterial, Antibiofilm, Antioxidant, and Anti-Inflammatory Activities of Kratom Leaves (Mitragyna speciosa) Fermentation Supernatant Containing Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG

Author:

Sornsenee Phoomjai,Chimplee Siriphorn,Romyasamit Chonticha

Funder

Dr. CBD Co., Ltd

Publisher

Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Subject

Molecular Biology,Molecular Medicine,Microbiology

Reference57 articles.

1. Raffa RB (2014) Kratom and Other Mitragynines: The Chemistry and Pharmacology of Opioids from a Non-opium Source; CRC Press

2. Suwanlert S (1975) A study of kratom eaters in Thailand. Bull Narc 27(3):21–27

3. Charoenratana S, Anukul C, Aramrattana A (2021) Attitudes towards kratom use, decriminalization and the development of a community-based kratom control mechanism in Southern Thailand. Int J Drug Policy 95:103197

4. Cinosi E, Martinotti G, Simonato P, Singh D, Demetrovics Z, Roman-Urrestarazu A et al (2015) Following “the roots” of kratom (Mitragyna speciosa): the evolution of an enhancer from a traditional use to increase work and productivity in Southeast Asia to a recreational psychoactive drug in Western countries. Biomed Res Int 2015:968786

5. Thanat N, Monthaka T, Siriporn P, Kwanroen S, Nootim P (2016) Traditional use of kratom (Mitragyna speciosa Korth) among folk healers in Southern Thailand. J Thai Tradition Altern Med 14(3):274–84

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