1. For a textbook-level discussion of lasers, see for example A. E. Siegman, Lasers (University Science Books, Mill Valley, 1986) or J. T. Verdeyen, Laser Electronics (Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, 1995).
2. E. P. Ippen, Appl. Phys. B 58, 159 (1994).
3. Y. Chen, F. X. Kärtner, U. Morgner, S. H. Cho, H. A. Haus, E. P. Ippen, J. G. FujimotoJ. Opt. Soc. Am. B 16, 1999 (1999).
4. E. DesurvireErbium-Doped Fiber Amplifiers (John Wiley & Sons, New York, 1994).
5. B. C. Collings, K. Bergman, S. T. Cundiff, S. Tsuda, J. N. Kutz, J. E. Cunningham, W. Y. Jan, M. Koch, W. H. KnoxIEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electr. 3, 1065 (1997).