A quantum approach to twice-repeated $$2\times 2$$ game

Abstract

AbstractThis work proposes an extension of the well-known Eisert–Wilkens–Lewenstein scheme for playing a twice repeated $$2\times 2$$ 2 × 2 game using a single quantum system with ten maximally entangled qubits. The proposed scheme is then applied to the Prisoner’s Dilemma game. Rational strategy profiles are examined in the presence of limited awareness of the players. In particular, the paper considers two cases of a classical player against a quantum player game: the first case when the classical player does not know that his opponent is a quantum one and the second case, when the classical player is aware of it. To this end, the notion of unawareness was used, and the extended Nash equilibria were determined.