1. Ahlin, E. M., Zador, P. L., Rauch, W. J., Howard, J. M., & Duncan, G. D. (2011). First-time DWI offenders are at risk of recidivating regardless of sanctions imposed. Journal of Criminal Justice, 39(2), 137–142.
2. Applegate, B. K., Cullen, F. T., Link, B. G., Richards, P. J., & Lanza-Kaduce, L. (1996). Determinants of public punitiveness toward drunk driving: A factorial survey approach. Justice Quarterly, 13(1), 57–79.
3. Beccaria, C. (2009 [1764]). On crimes and punishments and other writings (R. Davies, trans. R. Bellamy Ed.). New York: Cambridge University Press.
4. Bouffard, J. A., Niebuhr, N., & Exum, M. L. (2016). Examining specific deterrence effects on DWI among serious offenders. Crime & Delinquency, 0011128716675359.
5. Butler, M. A., & Beale, C. L. (1990). Rural-urban continuum codes for metro and nonmetro counties. US Department of Agriculture, Economic Research Service.