Simulation of the effects of deer browsing on forest dynamics

Author:

Akashi Nobuhiro

Publisher

Wiley

Subject

Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics

Reference35 articles.

1. Akashi N (2000) Impacts of Sika deer (Cervus nippon) on the structure of understory vegetation in a natural stand (in Japanese). Trans Mtg Hokkaido Br Jap For Soc 48:105–107

2. Akashi N, Nakashizuka T (1999) Effects of bark-stripping by Sika deer (Cervus nippon) on population dynamics of a mixed forest in Japan. For Ecol Manage 113:75–82

3. Alverson WS, Waller DM (1997) Deer populations and the widespread failure of hemlock regeneration in northern forests. In: McShea WJ, Underwood HB, Rappole JH (eds) The science of overabundance: deer ecology and population management. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC, pp 280–297

4. Anderson RC, Loucks OL (1979) White-tail deer (Odocoileus virginianus) influence on structure and composition of Tsuga canadensis forests. J Appl Ecol 16:855–861

5. Augustine DJ, Frelich LE, Jordan PA (1998) Evidence for two alternate stable states in an ungulate grazing system. Ecol Appl 8:1260–1269

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