Solar Energetic-Particle-Associated Coronal Mass Ejections Observed by the Mauna Loa Solar Observatory Mk3 and Mk4 Coronameters
-
Published:2023-09
Issue:9
Volume:298
Page:
-
ISSN:0038-0938
-
Container-title:Solar Physics
-
language:en
-
Short-container-title:Sol Phys
Author:
Richardson I. G.,St. Cyr O. C.,Burkepile J. T.,Xie H.,Thompson B. J.
Abstract
AbstractWe report on the first comprehensive study of the coronal mass ejections (CMEs) associated with $\sim 25\text{ MeV}$
∼
25
MeV
solar energetic-proton (SEP) events in 1980 – 2013 observed in the low/inner corona by the Mauna Loa Solar Observatory (MLSO) Mk3 and Mk4 coronameters. Where possible, these observations are combined with space-based observations from the Solar Maximum Mission C/P, P78-1 SOLWIND, or SOHO/LASCO coronagraphs. The aim of the study is to understand directly measured (rather than inferred from proxies) CME motions in the low to midcorona and their association with SEP acceleration, and hence attempt to identify early signatures that are characteristic of SEP acceleration in ground-based CME observations that may be used to warn of impending SEP events. Although we find that SEP events are associated with CMEs that are on average faster and wider than typical CMEs observed by MLSO, a major challenge turns out to be determining reliable estimates of the CME dynamics in the low corona from the 3-min cadence Mk3/4 observations since different analysis techniques can produce inconsistent results. This complicates the assessment of what early information on a possible SEP event is available from these low-coronal observations.
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Subject
Space and Planetary Science,Astronomy and Astrophysics
Reference84 articles.
1. Bein, B.M., Berkebile-Stoiser, S., Veronig, A.M., Temmer, M., Muhr, N., Kienreich, I., Utz, D., Vršnak, B.: 2011, Impulsive acceleration of coronal mass ejections. I. Statistics and coronal mass ejection source region characteristics. Astrophys. J. 738(2), 191. DOI. ADS. 2. Brueckner, G.E., Howard, R.A., Koomen, M.J., Korendyke, C.M., Michels, D.J., Moses, J.D., Socker, D.G., Dere, K.P., Lamy, P.L., Llebaria, A., Bout, M.V., Schwenn, R., Simnett, G.M., Bedford, D.K., Eyles, C.J.: 1995, The Large Angle Spectroscopic Coronagraph (LASCO). Solar Phys. 162(1 – 2), 357. DOI. ADS. 3. Bruno, A., Richardson, I.G.: 2021, Empirical model of 10 – 130 MeV solar energetic particle spectra at 1 AU based on coronal mass ejection speed and direction. Solar Phys. 296(2), 36. DOI. ADS. 4. Bruno, A., Bazilevskaya, G.A., Boezio, M., Christian, E.R., de Nolfo, G.A., Martucci, M., Merge, M., Mikhailov, V.V., Munini, R., Richardson, I.G., Ryan, J.M., Stochaj, S., Adriani, O., Barbarino, G.C., Bellotti, R., Bogomolov, E.A., Bongi, M., Bonvicini, V., Bottai, S., Cafagna, F., Campana, D., Carlson, P., Casolino, M., Castellini, G., De Santis, C., Di Felice, V., Galper, A.M., Karelin, A.V., Koldashov, S.V., Koldobskiy, S., Krutkov, S.Y., Kvashnin, A.N., Leonov, A., Malakhov, V., Marcelli, L., Mayorov, A.G., Menn, W., Mocchiutti, E., Monaco, A., Mori, N., Osteria, G., Panico, B., Papini, P., Pearce, M., Picozza, P., Ricci, M., Ricciarini, S.B., Simon, M., Sparvoli, R., Spillantini, P., Stozhkov, Y.I., Vacchi, A., Vannuccini, E., Vasilyev, G.I., Voronov, S.A., Yurkin, Y.T., Zampa, G., Zampa, N.: 2018, Solar energetic particle events observed by the PAMELA mission. Astrophys. J. 862(2), 97. DOI. ADS. 5. Burkepile, J.T., St. Cyr, O.C.: 1993, A revised and expanded catalogue of mass ejections observed by the Solar Maximum Mission Coronagraph. NCAR Technical Note; NCAR/TN-369 + STR.
|
|