1. For recent reviews on the 3-cyanopyridine-2(1H)-thione chemistry, see: a) Litvinov VP, Rodinovskaya LA, Sharanin YuA, Shestopalov AM, Senning A (1992) Sulfur Reports 13: 1; b) Litvinov VP (1993) Phosph Sulfur Silicon 74: 139; c) Litvinov VP, Krivokolysko SG, Dyachenko VD (1999) Chem Heterocycl Compd 35(5): 509; d) Litvinov VP (2006) Russ Chem Rev 75(7): 645
2. For review see: Litvinov VP (1998) Russ Chem Bull Int Ed 47: 2053
3. For reviews on the Mannich reaction, see: a) Blicke FF (1942) The Mannich reaction. In: Adams R (ed) Organic Reactions, Vol 1. John Wiley & Sons, New York, p 303; b) Tramontini M (1973) Synthesis: 703; c) Tramontini M, Angiolini L (1990) Tetrahedron 46: 1791; d) Arend M, Westermann B, Risch N (1998) Angew Chem Int Ed 37: 1045; e) Klienman EF (1992) The Bimolecular Aliphatic Mannich and Related Reactions. The Bimolecular Aromatic Mannich Reaction. In: Trost BM and Fleming I (eds) Comprehensive Organic Synthesis, Vol 2. Pergamon Press, Oxford, p 893; f) Overman LE, Ricca DJ (1992) Modern Variants of the Mannich Reaction. In: Trost BM, Fleming I (eds) Comprehensive Organic Synthesis, Vol 2. Pergamon Press, Oxford, p 1007
4. a) Dotsenko VV, Krivokolysko SG, Chernega AN, Litvinov VP (2003) Dokl Chem 389(4–6): 92; b) Dotsenko VV (2004) Cyanothioacetamide and its derivatives in the synthesis of ring-fused sulfur-containing pyridines. PhD Thesis, Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Moscow, Russian Federation, 167 pp (In Russian)
5. Mannich reaction in the synthesis of N,S-containing heterocycles. 2. Convenient one-pot synthesis of 3,5,7,11-tetraazatricyclo[7.3.1.02,7]tridec-2-ene derivatives