Linear Macropore Installation to Reduce Red-Soil Erosion in Sugarcane Fields

Abstract

Abstract This study determines the cause of soil erosion in red soils in sugarcane fields, especially even with the use of subsoiling fissures, and to compare the effectiveness of a novel artificial linear-macropore with the insertion of fibrous material into the fractures. Four column treatments (tillage, subsoiling, linear-macropore with plant residue fillings, and no-tillage-with-mulching) were established. A subsoiler was used to break up hard soil layers to enhance infiltration, whereas mulching reduced the impact of raindrops on the soil. Sugarcane residue was inserted in the empty fissure to reinforce the structure, making linear macropore. Simulated rainfall with 20 mmh−1 was applied to the soil surface for 6 h per day for two days. Surface runoff, soil erosion, and drainage were measured during each run. Erosion was minimal (1/7 reduction), and bottom drainage was observed in the linear-macropore and no-tillage-with-mulching plots. Conversely, due to the formation of an impermeable layer or surface crust, high erosion (0.282 t-C ha−1 yr−1) and decreased drainage levels were detected in the subsoiling and tillage plots. Moreover, the aboveground protrusion of fibrous material at the linear-macropore maintained infiltration, even following crust formation. Field application of these four management strategies revealed the effectiveness of linear-macropore and mulching in reducing surface flow. Linear-macropore application maintains appropriate levels of infiltration, and insertion of plant residue fillings reinforces the macropore structure while also avoiding clogging. Hence, the linear-macropore scheme may represent an effective strategy for reducing surface runoff and red soil erosion.