Abstract
AbstractPollinator decline worldwide is well-documented; globally, chemical pesticides (especially the class of pesticides known as neonicotinoids) have been implicated in hymenopteran decline, but the mechanics and drivers of population trends and dynamics of wild bees is poorly understood. Declines and shifts in community composition of bumble bees (Bombus spp.) have been documented in North America and Europe, with a suite of lethal and sub-lethal effects of pesticides on bumble bee populations documented. We employ a mathematical model parameterized with values taken from the literature that uses differential equations to track bumble bee populations through time in order to attain a better understanding of toxicant effects on a developing colony of bumble bees. We use a delay differential equation (DDE) model, which requires fewer parameter estimations than agent-based models while affording us the ability to explicitly describe the effect of larval incubation and colony history on population outcomes. We explore how both lethal and sublethal effects such as reduced foraging ability may combine to affect population outcomes, and discuss the implications for the protection and conservation of ecosystem services.
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Subject
Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis,Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law,Toxicology,General Medicine
Reference66 articles.
1. Banks HT (2012) A functional analysis framework for modeling, estimation and control in science and engineering. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, ISBN 978-1-4398-8084-5
2. Banks HT, Banks JE, Bommarco R, Laubmeier AN, Myers NJ, Rundlöf M, Tillman K (2017) Modelling bumble bee population dynamics with delay differential equations. Ecol Model 351:14–23
3. Banks JE, Stark JD (1998) What is ecotoxicology? An ad-hoc grab bag or an interdisciplinary science? Integr Biol 5:1–9
4. Banks JE, Stark JD, Vargas RI, Ackleh AS (2011) Parasitoids and ecological risk assessment: can toxicity data developed for one species be used to protect an entire guild? Biol Control 59:336–339
5. Banks JE, Stark JD, Vargas RI, Ackleh AS (2014) Deconstructing the surrogate species concept: a life history approach to the protection of ecosystem services. Ecol Appl 24:770–778
Cited by
6 articles.
订阅此论文施引文献
订阅此论文施引文献,注册后可以免费订阅5篇论文的施引文献,订阅后可以查看论文全部施引文献