Chemistry and microstructure of duplex stainless steel powders from recycled Z100 mixed with 316L steels
-
Published:2023-10-11
Issue:4
Volume:23
Page:
-
ISSN:1644-9665
-
Container-title:Archives of Civil and Mechanical Engineering
-
language:en
-
Short-container-title:Archiv.Civ.Mech.Eng
Author:
Kateusz FilipORCID, Polkowska Adelajda, Polkowski Wojciech, Chrzan Konrad, Jaśkowiec Krzysztof, Sokołowski Paweł, Igartua Amaya, Leunda Josu, Bisztyga-Szklarz Magdalena, Dudziak Tomasz, Jedliński Jerzy
Abstract
AbstractRecovered metallic waste can be used in additive manufacturing as a feedstock if the subsequent steps of the waste-to-product process are sufficiently mastered. In this study, impact of recycling of Z100 duplex steel mixed with 316L steel on the resulting powders microstructure and chemical composition was investigated. The utility of the original method of recycling stainless steels into a high-grade powder suitable for additive techniques has been demonstrated. By examining three gradations of powders, namely 20–50 μm, 50–100 μm and 125–250 μm, differences in selected properties in relation to the average particle size are shown. The results suggest that with increasing the particle diameter, fine-crystalline γ-austenite is favoured to precipitate at the boundaries and within the volume of the originally formed large δ-ferrite grains. It is reflected by a decrease of δ/γ fraction ratio from 0.64 in the 20–50 μm powders to 0.20 in the 125–250 μm, respectively. Obtained results indicate non-diffusional, shear or semi-shear character of δ → γ + δ phase transformation. The resulting fine-crystalline austenite is characterised by a significant dislocation density, which induces dislocation strengthening effect, responsible for an increase in Vickers hardness from 145 HV and Young's modulus from 29 GPa in the 20–50 μm group to 310 HV and 146 GPa in the 125–250 μm fraction, respectively.
Funder
Narodowe Centrum Badań i Rozwoju Ministerstwo Edukacji i Nauki INNOBASQUE, SPRI
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Subject
Mechanical Engineering,Civil and Structural Engineering
Reference43 articles.
1. Tuck CC. Iron and steel scrap, U.S. geological survey, mineral commodity summaries. 2022;1–2. 2. Bobba S, Carrara S, Huisman J, Mathieux F, Pavel C. Critical raw materials for strategic technologies and sectors in the EU: a foresight study. 2020. 3. Raabe D, Ponge D, Uggowitzer PJ, Roscher M, Paolantonio M, Liu C, Antrekowitsch H, Kozeschnik E, Seidmann D, Gault B, de Geuser F, Deschamps A, Hutchinson C, Liu C, Li Z, Prangnell P, Robson J, Shanthraj P, Vakili S, Sinclair C, Bourgeois L, Pogatscher S. Making sustainable aluminum by recycling scrap: the science of “dirty” alloys. Prog Mater Sci. 2022;128:1–150. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pmatsci.2022.100947. 4. Panasiuk D, Daigo I, Hoshino T, Hayashi H, Yamasue E, Tran DH, Sprecher B, Shi F, Shatokha V. International comparison of impurities mixing and accumulation in steel scrap. J Ind Ecol. 2022;26:1040–50. https://doi.org/10.1111/jiec.13246. 5. Daigo I, Tajima K, Hayashi H, Panasiuk D, Takeyama K, Ono H, Kobayashi Y, Nakajima K, Hoshino T. Potential influences of impurities on properties of recycled carbon steel. ISIJ Int. 2021;61:498–505. https://doi.org/10.2355/isijinternational.ISIJINT-2020-377.
|
|