Adjacent level disease-background and update based on disc replacement data

Author:

David Kaye I.,Hilibrand Alan S.

Publisher

Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Subject

Orthopedics and Sports Medicine

Reference39 articles.

1. Burkhardt BW, Brielmeier M, Schwerdtfeger K, Oertel JM. 311 smith-Robinson procedure with an autologous iliac crest bone graft with and without Caspar plating as a treatment for soft cervical disc herniation: report of 122 patients with an average follow-up of 25 years. Neurosurgery. 2016;63(Suppl 1):189–90.

2. Goffin J, Geusens E, Vantomme N, et al. Long-term follow-up after interbody fusion of the cervical spine. J Spin Disorders Tech. 2004;17:79–85.

3. Bohlman HH, Emery SE, Goodfellow DB, Jones PK. Robinson anterior cervical discectomy and arthrodesis for cervical radiculopathy: long-term follow-up of one hundred and twenty-two patients. JBJS (Am). 1993;75:1298–307.

4. • Hilibrand AS, Bohlman HH. Radiculopathy and myelopathy at segments adjacent to the site of a previous anterior cervical arthrodesis. JBJS Am. 1999;81:519–28. Landmark study evaluating the incidence, prevalence, and radiographic progression of symptomatic adjacent-segment disease through a review of 374 patients (409 ACDF) with up to 21 year follow up. Symptomatic adjacent-segment disease occurred at 2.9% annually during the first ten post-operative years with 25.6% of patients predicted to develop ASD during that time. The authors found a reduced risk of ASD for multilevel fusions compared to single level (p<0.001).

5. •• Lee JC, Lee SH, Peters C, Riew D. Adjacent segment pathology requiring reoperation after anterior cervical arthrodesis: the influence of smoking, sex, and number of operated levels. Spine. 2015;40:E571–7. Single surgeon series of 1038 patients undergoing ACDF which found a rate of adjacent segment re-operation of 2.4% annually and a 22.2% chance of requiring an operation 10 years after ACDF. Risk factors for re-operation were smoking, female sex, and fewer fusion levels (one or two vs three).

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