The DLR TuLam project: design of a short and medium range transport aircraft with forward swept NLF wing

Abstract

Abstract In order to further raise the Technology Readiness Level (TRL) of laminar technologies in aircraft design the German Aerospace Center DLR conducted an internal project called TuLam (Toughen up Laminar Technology), which lasted from 2014 to 2017. In the course of the project two technology paths were pursued, namely Natural Laminar Flow (NLF) and Hybrid Laminar Flow Control (HLFC). Within the frame of the NLF path a short and medium range transport aircraft with forward swept laminar wing was designed. The present paper is focused on the aerodynamic design of the forward swept wing in cruise flight. As a special feature in comparison with previous designs of transonic laminar flow wings a trailing edge flap of 10% chord depth is employed to allow for an adaptation of the laminar bucket to off-design conditions. The resulting wing was assessed on overall aircraft level with respect to its fuel reduction potential, whereby the CSR-01 configuration, essentially a re-design of the Airbus A320-200, was used as a reference.