Abstract
AbstractSevere brain damage associated with Zika-related microcephaly (ZRM) have been reported to result in oropharyngeal dysphagia (OPD); however, it is unknown if OPD presents in children with prenatal Zika virus (ZIKV) exposure but only mild or undetectable abnormalities. The aims of this study were: to compare the frequency and characteristics of OPD in children with ZRM and in children without microcephaly born to mothers who tested polymerase chain reaction positive (PCR+) for ZIKV during pregnancy; and to investigate the concordance of caregiver reports of OPD with the diagnosis from the clinical swallowing assessment (CSA). Between Mar/2017 and May/2018, we evaluated 116 children (n = 58 with microcephaly, n = 58 children without microcephaly born to ZIKV PCR + mothers) participating in the Microcephaly Epidemic Research Group (MERG) cohort of children born during the 2015–2016 ZIKV epidemic in Pernambuco, Brazil. To assess OPD we used: a CSA; a clinical assessment of the stomatognathic system; and a questionnaire administered to caregivers. The frequency of OPD was markedly higher in children with ZRM (79.3%) than in the exposed but normocephalic group (8.6%). The children with microcephaly also presented more frequently with anatomic and functional abnormalities in the stomatognathic system. There was a high degree of agreement between the caregiver reports of OPD and the CSA (κ = 0.92). In conclusion, our findings confirm that OPD is a feature of Congenital Zika Syndrome that primarily occurs in children with microcephaly and provide support for policies in which children are referred for rehabilitation with an OPD diagnosis based on caregiver report.
Funder
H2020 European Institute of Innovation and Technology
Wellcome Trust & the UK Department for International Development
Medical Research Council on behalf of the Newton Fund and Wellcome Trust
Fundação de Amparo à Ciência e Tecnologia do Estado de Pernambuco
Fundação Coordenação de Projetos, Pesquisas e Estudos Tecnológicos
Welcome Trust & the UK Departament for International Development
Wellcome Trust - Research Enrichment in Epidemic Situations
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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico
Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde/ Ministério da Saúde de Brasil Resposta à Emergência em Saúde Pública – Zika vírus e Microcefalia
Departamento de Ciência e Tecnologia for Prevenção e Combate ao vírus Zika I
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Subject
Speech and Hearing,Gastroenterology,Otorhinolaryngology
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