1. Kasuya Research Forest, Kyushu University, 394 Tsubakuro, Sasaguri, Fukuoka 811-2415, Japan
2. School of Forestry and Resource Conservation, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106-17, Taiwan
3. The Hakubi Center for Advanced Research, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8302, Japan
4. Department of Geography, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, 2424 Maile Way, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA
5. Lu Chen Cultural and Educational Foundation, Zhushan Township 55751, Taiwan