1. Improving the Quality of Pain Management Through Measurement and Action. 2003. Oakbrook Terrace, IL, Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations and National Pharmaceutical Council.
2. Carr DB, Jacox AK, Chapman CR, Fillingim RB, Heidrich G, Hester NK. Acute pain management: Operative or Medical Procedures and Trauma. Clinical Practice Guideline (AHCPR Pub. No. 92–0032). 1992. Rockville, MD, Agency for Health Care Policy and Research, Public Health Service, US Department of Health and Human Services.
3. Jacox A, Carr DB, Payne R. Management of Cancer Pain. Clinical Practice Guideline (AHCPR Publication No. 94–0592). 1994. Rockville, MD, Agency for Health Care Policy and Research, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service. 1994.
4. Pain as the 5th vital sign toolkit, revised edition. National Pain Management Coordinating Committee, Veterans Health Administration 2000; Available at:
http://www1.va.gov/pain_management/docs/TOOLKIT.pdf
. Accessed March 27, 2009.
5. Comprehensive Accreditation Manual for Ambulatory Care. Oakbrook Terrace, IL: Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations, 2006.