Latex Metabolome of Euphorbia Species: Geographical and Inter-Species Variation and its Proposed Role in Plant Defense against Herbivores and Pathogens

Author:

Salomé-Abarca Luis Francisco,Gođevac Dejan,Kim Min Sun,Hwang Geum-Sook,Park Sang Cheol,Jang Young Pyo,Van Den Hondel Cees A. M. J. J.,Verpoorte Robert,Klinkhamer Peter G. L.,Choi Young HaeORCID

Abstract

AbstractBased on the hypothesis that the variation of the metabolomes of latex is a response to selective pressure and should thus be affected differently from other organs, their variation could provide an insight into the defensive chemical selection of plants. Metabolic profiling was used to compare tissues of three Euphorbia species collected in diverse regions. The metabolic variation of latexes was much more limited than that of other organs. In all the species, the levels of polyisoprenes and terpenes were found to be much higher in latexes than in leaves and roots of the corresponding plants. Polyisoprenes were observed to physically delay the contact of pathogens with plant tissues and their growth. A secondary barrier composed of terpenes in latex and in particular, 24-methylenecycloartanol, exhibited antifungal activity. These results added to the well-known role of enzymes also present in latexes, show that these are part of a cooperative defense system comprising biochemical and physical elements.

Funder

Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología

Publisher

Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Subject

Biochemistry,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics,General Medicine

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