1. American Society of Human Genetics Social Issues Subcommittee on Familial Disclosure (1998). Professional disclosure of familial genetics information. American Journal of Human Genetics, 62, 474–498. [Describes the ethical principles that ground confidentiality and conditions under which one might breach confidentiality.]
2. Bartels, D. M., LeRoy, B. S., McCarthy, P., Caplan, A. L. (1997). Nondirectiveness in genetic counseling: a survey of practitioners. American Journal of Medical Genetics, 72, 172–179. [Describes counselors’ views of nondirectiveness; describes reasons for directiveness and discriminates directiveness in process and outcome of genetic counseling.]
3. Beauchamp, T. L., Childress, J. L. (1994). Principles of biomedical ethics (4th ed.). London: Oxford Press. [These authors describe ethical theories and principles, their rationale, and they apply ethical principles to health care issues.]
4. Billings, P. R., Kohn, M. A., de Cuevas, M., Beckwith, J., Alper, J. S., Natowicz, M. (1992). Discrimination as a consequence of genetic testing. American Journal of Human Genetics, 50, 476–482. [These authors collected anecdotes from people who experienced health care and employment discrimination.]
5. Bower, J. A., McCarthy Veach, P., LeRoy, B. S., Bartels, D. M. (2002). Ethical and professional challenges: a survey of counselors’ experiences. Journal of Genetic Counseling, 11, 163–186. [Summarizes counselors’ specific ethical challenges and how they are resolved.]