1. R.F. Tylecote, A History of Metallurgy (Institute of Metals, London, 1989)
2. V.S. Arunachalam, MRS. Bull. 25(1), 55 (2000)
3. G. Agricola, De Re Metallica (J. Froben & N. Episcopius, Basel, 1556, translated by H.C. Hoover, L.H. Hoover, London, 1912, reprinted by Dover Publications, New York, 1950)
4. P.G. Shewmon, Metall. Mater. Trans. A 29, 1535 (1998)
5. W. Hampe, Z. Berg- Hütten- und Salinenwesen 23, 93 (1874)