1. BS3531: 1962. ‘Metal surgical implants, drills and screwdrivers used for bone surgery’.
2. BS3531 (rev.) p. 1: 1972. ‘Materials for metal surgical implants’.
3. Charnley, J. (1953)Compression arthrodesis. E. S. Livingstone Ltd. Edinburgh.
4. Charnley, J., inKenedi, R. M. (1965)Symposium on bio-mechanics and related bio-engineering topics, 99. Pergamon Press.
5. Kelly, A. (1973)Strong solids. 2nd Ed., Clarendon Press.