Fruit intake, genetic risk and type 2 diabetes: a population-based gene–diet interaction analysis
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Published:2021-01-05
Issue:5
Volume:60
Page:2769-2779
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ISSN:1436-6207
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Container-title:European Journal of Nutrition
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language:en
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Short-container-title:Eur J Nutr
Author:
Jia Xu, Xuan Liping, Dai Huajie, Zhu Wen, Deng Chanjuan, Wang Tiange, Li Mian, Zhao Zhiyun, Xu Yu, Lu Jieli, Bi Yufang, Wang Weiqing, Chen Yuhong, Xu MinORCID, Ning Guang
Abstract
Abstract
Purpose
Whether the association between fruit and type 2 diabetes (T2D) is modified by the genetic predisposition of T2D was yet elucidated. The current study is meant to examine the gene–dietary fruit intake interactions in the risk of T2D and related glycemic traits.
Methods
We performed a cross-sectional study in 11,657 participants aged ≥ 40 years from a community-based population in Shanghai, China. Fruit intake information was collected by a validated food frequency questionnaire by asking the frequency of consumption of typical food items over the previous 12 months. T2D-genetic risk score (GRS) was constructed by 34 well established T2D common variants in East Asians. The risk of T2D, fasting, 2 h-postprandial plasma glucose, and glycated hemoglobin A1c associated with T2D-GRS and each individual single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were tested.
Results
The risk of T2D associated with each 1-point of T2D-GRS was gradually decreased from the lower fruit intake level (< 1 times/week) [the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) was 1.10 (1.07–1.13)], to higher levels (1–3 and > 3 times/week) [the corresponding ORs and 95% CIs were 1.08 (1.05–1.10) and 1.07 (1.05–1.08); P for interaction = 0.04]. Analyses for associations with fasting, 2 h-postprandial plasma glucose and glycated hemoglobin A1c demonstrated consistent tendencies (all P for interaction ≤ 0.03). The inverse associations of fruit intake with risk of T2D and glucose traits were more prominent in the higher T2D-GRS tertile.
Conclusions
Fruit intakes interact with the genetic predisposition of T2D on the risk of diabetes and related glucose metabolic traits. Fruit intake alleviates the association between genetic predisposition of T2D and the risk of diabetes; the association of fruit intake with a lower risk of diabetes was more prominent in population with a stronger genetic predisposition of T2D.
Funder
National Natural Science Foundation of China Ministry of Science and Technology of China Shanghai Science and Technology Commission Shanghai Shen Kang Hospital Development Center
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Subject
Nutrition and Dietetics,Medicine (miscellaneous)
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