1. Bruce C. Gates, James R. Katzer, and G.C.A. Schuit, Chemistry of Catalytic Processes (New York: McGraw-Hill Book Co., 1979) Chapter 3, “Reforming.” Many aspects of catalytic naphtha reforming are covered in this excellent new book. A general overview of reactions, including thermodynamics, kinetics, catalysis, reactor operating conditions, and reactor design is presented on p. 184-193. Detailed discussions of these topics follow in the chapter.
2. H. B. Kendall, “Catalytic Reforming: The Search for ‘Higher Octanes’” (paper presented at the 68th National Meeting of the American Institute of Chemical Engineers, Houston, Texas, March 4, 1971).
3. John L. Enos, Petroleum Progress and Profits (Cambridge, Mass.: M.I.T. Press, 1962).
4. Gates, et al. p. 184-186.
5. A. G. Peterkin, J. R. Bates, and H. P. Brown, “Catalytic Reforming for the Production of Aviation Gasoline,” Refiner and Natural Gasoline Manufacturer, 18, No. 11 (Nov. 1939) 126–130. This article describes the commercial process, which was an adaptation of the successful Houdry Catalytic Cracking process, to reforming. In fact, a point of emphasis in the article is that the cracking equipment was well designed and versatile, so that it could be switched over quite readily from cracking gas oil stocks to reforming gasolines or naphthas. The same catalyst was used (“a highly active hydrosilicate of alumina”) in the fixed-bed reactors, and frequent regeneration of the catalyst was necessary.