1. The thermal expansion of the Group IV carbides has been determined73,74 and, more recently, that of Group IV and V carbides387; in studying the melting-point characteristics 388 in the systems (Ti, Zr, Hf, Nb, Ta,)-C, eutectics were confirmed, also in the ternaries combining some of these metals. The Hall coefficient and low-temperature resistivity of TiC were investigated70 as well as its frictional properties and deformation at high temperatures78; this paper gives much detail on the more technological properties of TiC for use in ceramics.
2. The superconductive properties of the Group V hemicarbides (V2C, Nb2C, Ta2C) have also been discussed389.
3. For some field-emission microscopy work on TaC, see 110.
4. Kelley (e.g.145) has also contributed much thermodynamic data of the refractory carbides more generally.
5. A recent critical review on the Group IV, V, VI and actinide binary carbide systems has been given by Storms261, whilst Richardson’s paper on the thermodynamics of carbides and carbon390 now has become a classic.