Abstract
AbstractChlorine (Cl) in the terrestrial environment is of interest from multiple perspectives, including the use of chloride as a tracer for water flow and contaminant transport, organochlorine pollutants, Cl cycling, radioactive waste (radioecology; 36Cl is of large concern) and plant science (Cl as essential element for living plants). During the past decades, there has been a rapid development towards improved understanding of the terrestrial Cl cycle. There is a ubiquitous and extensive natural chlorination of organic matter in terrestrial ecosystems where naturally formed chlorinated organic compounds (Clorg) in soil frequently exceed the abundance of chloride. Chloride dominates import and export from terrestrial ecosystems while soil Clorg and biomass Cl can dominate the standing stock Cl. This has important implications for Cl transport, as chloride will enter the Cl pools resulting in prolonged residence times. Clearly, these pools must be considered separately in future monitoring programs addressing Cl cycling. Moreover, there are indications that (1) large amounts of Cl can accumulate in biomass, in some cases representing the main Cl pool; (2) emissions of volatile organic chlorines could be a significant export pathway of Cl and (3) that there is a production of Clorg in tissues of, e.g. plants and animals and that Cl can accumulate as, e.g. chlorinated fatty acids in organisms. Yet, data focusing on ecosystem perspectives and combined spatiotemporal variability regarding various Cl pools are still scarce, and the processes and ecological roles of the extensive biological Cl cycling are still poorly understood.
Funder
Swedish Nuclear Fuel and Waste Management Co
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Subject
Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis,Pollution,Environmental Chemistry,General Medicine
Reference180 articles.
1. Åkesson Nilsson G (2004). Determination of chlorinated fatty acids using SPE, XSD and GC/MS with particular regard to cultured human cells, PhD Dissertation, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences. PhD
2. Albers CN, OS Jacobsen, et al. (2010). Spatial variation in natural formation of chloroform in the soils of four coniferous forests Biogeochemistry
3. Albers CN, Jacobsen OS, Flores EMM, Johnsen AR (2017) Arctic and subarctic natural soils emit chloroform and brominated analogues by alkaline hydrolysis of trihaloacetyl compounds. Environ Sci Technol 51:6131–6138
4. Alonso MB, Eljarrat E, Gorga M, Secchi ER, Bassoi M, Barbosa L, Bertozzi CP, Marigo J, Cremer M, Domit C, Azevedo AF, Dorneles PR, Torres JPM, Lailson-Brito J, Malm O, Barceló D (2012) Natural and anthropogenically-produced brominated compounds in endemic dolphins from Western South Atlantic: another risk to a vulnerable species. Environ Pollut 170:152–160
5. Apel K, Hirt H (2004) Reactive oxygen species: metabolism, oxidative stress, and signal transduction. Annu Rev Plant Biol 55:373–399
Cited by
23 articles.
订阅此论文施引文献
订阅此论文施引文献,注册后可以免费订阅5篇论文的施引文献,订阅后可以查看论文全部施引文献