Abstract
AbstractThe influence of Pr3+ addition on the structure and electrical properties of (Bi,Na)TiO3-(Ba,Ca)TiO3 solid solution was investigated. In this work, 0.94(Bi0.5−xNa0.5)TiO3-0.06(Ba0.9Ca0.1)TiO3:xPr3+ (BNBCT6:xPr) with x = 0, 0.1, 0.3, 0.5, and 0.7 mol% ceramics were prepared via a polymeric complex synthesis (Pechini method). Optimal sintering parameters were chosen in order to obtain dense ceramic microstructures. X-ray diffraction confirmed the presence of a perovskite-like structure in all the synthetized powders and sintered samples. As Pr3+ content increased, a large reduction in grain size was observed. BNBCT6:xPr ceramics showed a phase transition from the field-induced ferroelectric to the relaxor phase at ~ 110 °C and a local maximum around 250 °C. Dielectric permittivity was reduced as Pr3+ doping increased. For x = 0.5 mol%, maximum piezoelectric values (d33 = 115 pC/N, − d31 = 27 pC/N, kp = 25%, and kt = 34%) were obtained, while for x = 0.7 mol%, ferroelectric characteristics (Pr = 14 µC/cm2, and Ec = 34.7 kV/cm) were enhanced. Bulk conductivities extracted from the impedance spectra for BNBCT6:xPr were low, consistent with the insulating characteristic of (Bi,Na)TiO3. The achieved electrical properties suggest that BNBCT6:xPr ceramics are a potential candidate for energy transition applications.
Funder
Dirección General de Asuntos del Personal Académico, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Subject
Materials Chemistry,Electrical and Electronic Engineering,Condensed Matter Physics,Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials