1. Roger Conant, No joy in an insect-free world, Entomol. News 55 (Dec. 1944):258–259. Discovery of DDT residues in milk was viewed with particular alarm by both medical personnel and entomologists because of milk’s importance as a food for infants. Entomologists learned by 1947 that direct treatment of cows with DDT for fly control caused residues to appear in milk; further investigation indicated that mere treatment of barn walls led to the residue problem. The USD A recommended against use of DDT around dairy animals, and newspaper publicity brought the problem to the public.
2. [See testimony of F. C. Bishopp before the Delaney Committee (U.S. Congress, House Select Committee to Investigate the Use of Chemicals in Food Products, Chemicals in Food Products, Hearings on H. Res. 323, 81st Congress, 2nd sess., 1951, pp. 387, 409, 521–522, 527–528)
3. New York Times, U. S. seeks to keep milk free of DDT, April 23, 1949, p. 19
4. New York Times, Hazard to health from DDT denied, July 11, 1949, p. 25.]
5. The series “Correspondence Relating to Bureau Programs and Plans, 1930–1951,” General Administrative Records, Record Group 7, National Archives (RG7NA), contains reports of conferences and meetings between the Bureau of Entomology and Plant Quarantine (BEPQ), USDA, Public Health Service, Food and Drug Administration, and the chemical industry on the problems posed by toxic residues; BEPQ’s Fred C. Bishopp was clearly concerned about the problem. Edward F. Knipling of the BEPQ argued for more tests on the chronic toxicity of insecticides to livestock in 1948 (E.F. Knipling to P.N. Annand, Aug. 3, 1948, RG7NA). Bishopp (Asst. Chief of BEPQ) agreed (F.C. Bishopp, office memo., Aug. 3, 1948, RG7NA).