1. W. H. Kohl, Handbook of Materials and Techniques for Vacuum Devices, eds., New York, Amsterdam, London: Reinhold, 1967.
2. J. Bardeen and W. H. Brattain, Phys. Rev., 74:p. 230, July 1948.
3. W. H. Brattain and J. Bardeen, Phys. Rev., 74:p. 231, July 1948.
4. W. Shockley and G. L. Pearson, Phys. Rev., 74: p. 232, July 1948.
5. L. P. Hunter, Handbook of Semiconductor Electronics. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1970, pp. 9–19.