1. For a discussion of the earlier work see E. Clarke and L. S. Jacyna, Nineteenth Century Origins of Neuroscientific Concepts (Los Angeles: Univ. of California Press, 1987), chapt. 4.
2. V. B. Mountcastle, ed., Medical Physiology, 14th ed. (St. Louis, MO: Mosby, 1980 ), p. 185.
3. These spectacular experiments on humans were described by H. Cushing, “A Note Upon the Faradic Stimulation of the Postcentral Gyrus in Conscious Patients,” Brain 32 (1909): 4453.
4. See Cushing, The Pituitary Body and Its Disorders (Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott, 1912).
5. J. F. Fulton devoted twenty pages in the first two editions of his famous textbook, Physiology of the Nervous System (London: Oxford Univ. Press, 1938, 1943 ) to discussion of the meaning of the angle. A full account of this amusing incident is found in J. C. Eccles and W. C. Gibson, Sherrington, His Life and Thought ( Berlin: Springer International, 1979 ).