1. Keys T. The history of surgical anesthesia. New York: Schuman’s; 1945.
2. Doyle DJ. A brief history of clinical airway management. Anesthesiology News. 2008;34:9–14.
3. Sittig SE, Pringnitz JE. Tracheostomy: evolution of an airway. AARC Times. 2001;25:48–51.
4. Shephard D. From craft to specialty: a medical social history of anesthesia and its changing role in health care. Ontario: York Point Publishing; 2009.
5. Szmuk P, Ezri T, Evron S, Roth Y, Katz J. A brief history of tracheostomy and tracheal intubation, from the Bronze Age to the Space Age. Intensive Care Med. 2008;34:222–8.