1. See, for example, Wilkerson, J.; K. Devers, and R. Giver (Eds.), Competitive Managed Care: The Emerging Health Care System, San Francisco, Jossey-Bass, 1996; Also see Hillman, A, “The Technologic Imperative,” In: D. Nash (Editor), Future Practice Alternatives in Medicine, New York, Igaku-Shoin, 1987.
2. There is a vast literature on the adoption of innovations. See, for example: Drucker, P., Innovation and Entrepreneurship: Practice and Principles, Harper & Row, New York, 1985; Also see Tushman, M., and P. Anderson, Managing Strategic Innovation and Change, New York, Oxford University Press, 1997; And: Leonard-Barthon, D., “Implementation as Mutual Adaptation of Technology and Organization,” Research Policy, Vol. 17, No. 2, 1988, pp. 257-267.
3. Roberts, E., “Managing Invention and Innovation,” Research/Technology Management, Vol. 31, No. 1, 1988, pp. 11–29.
4. Sankar, Y., Management of Technological Change, Wiley Interscience publication, John Wiley and Sons, New York, 1991. Also see Zaltman, G., R. Duncan, and J. Holbek, Innovations and Organizations, Wiley, New York, 1973. They define innovation as: “an idea, practice, or material artifact perceived to be new by the relevant unit of adoption” (p. 3).
5. See, for example, some illustrations of the vast literature in this area: Jelinek, M., and C. Schoonhoven, The Innovation Marathon, Jossey-Bass Publishers, San Francisco, 1993. Also see Edosomwan, J., Integrating Innovation and Technology Management, New York, Wiley Series in Engineering and Technology Management, 1989. Also: Copp, N., and A. Zanella, Discovery, Innovation and Risk: Case Studies in Science and Technology, MIT Press, Cambridge, MA, 1993.