1. Altan, T., et al, “Forging Loads and Stresses in Closed-Die Forging — Part One”, Third Interim Topical Report to AMMRC on Contract No. DAAG46-68-C-0111, Batteile Memorial Institute.
2. Altan, T., et al, “Forging Loads and Stresses in Closed-Die Forging — Part Two”, Fourth Interim Topical Report to AMMRC on Contract No. DAAG46-68-C-0111, Batteile Memorial Institute, April 30, 1969.
3. Altan, T., et al, “The Use of Analytical Methods in Predicting Loads and Stresses in Closed-Die Forging”, Chapter 3 of the final report of the same project as (1) and (2) above.
4. Tarnovskiy, I. Ya., “Filling of Annular Dies” (in Russian) Sverdlovsk, Uralskiy politikhnicheskiy Institut Trudy 48, Trans. Moskva, 1953.
5. Burgdorf, M., “On the Calculation of Axial Stress Distribution and Forming Load in Pin Forging” (in German) Industrie-Anzeiger, 89, 1967, p. 182 and p. 1558.