1. Amsel, A. The role of frustrative nonreward in noncontinuous reward situations. Psychological Bulletin, 1958, 55, 102–119.
2. Auld, F. The effects of tetraethylammonium on a habit motivated by fear. Journal of Comparative and Physiological Psychology, 1951, 44, 565–574.
3. Bindra, D. A motivational view of learning, performance, and behavior modification. Psychological Review, 1974, 81, 199–213.
4. Black, A. H. Heart rate changes during avoidance learning in dogs. Canadian Journal of Psychology, 1959, 13, 229–242.
5. Black, A. H. Cardiac conditioning in curarized dogs: The relationship between heart rate and skeletal behavior. In W. F. Prokasy (Ed.), Classical Conditioning: A Symposium. New York: Appleton-Century-Crofts, 1965.