1. Regnault, C.R. Acad. Sci. Paris, 66, 209 (1868). See also the discussion in E.G. Richardson, Sound, 3rd ed., Edward Arnold, London, UK, 1940, pp. 6-7. The sewers of Paris were made famous by Hugo’s Les Miserables, but the water pipes of the city belong to acoustics—from Biot to Regnault.
2. Collected Works of P.N. Lebedev (in Russian). Acad. Sci. USSR Press, Moscow, 1963, p. 51.
3. A. Kundt, Ann. Physik 127, 497–523 (1866). Kundt first worked at Zürich and Würzburg, then was Professor at Strasbourg, where he had the famous Russian physicist Petr Lebedev as a student, and finally at Berlin, where he succeeded von Helmholtz. The irritating sounds from Kundt’s tube have provided an enduring memory for generations of elementary physics students.
4. H. von Helmholtz, Wiss. Abhandl. 1, 338 (1882); Rayleigh, The Theory of Sound, 2 vols. 2nd ed. Reprinted by Dover, New York, NY, 1945, vol. 2, pp. 318-319. See also G.W. Stewart and R.B. Lindsay, Acoustics, Van Nostrand, New York, NY, 1930, pp. 68-69.
5. G. Kirchhoff, Gesammelte Abhanbdlungen Collected Works), Barth, Leipzig, 1882, Frontispiece.