1. In a hypothetical universe in which the charged particles were bosons rather than fermions, it appears that there would be no thermodynamic limit or behavior of matter. Under these conditions, it is not obvious that life could exist, let alone evolve intelligence. Such universes would therefore (taking “not obvious” as a given, which may be incorrect) not be observable by parts of their contents. The observation that charged particles are fermions, or at least that some charged particles are fermions, may arise from the necessary condition that if life could not exist, we could not be here to observe the universe.This condition is the anthropic principle, which specifies that natural laws must be so arranged as to permit the evolution of intelligent life, because an important observation about the nature of the physical universe is that it is arranged so as to permit the evolution of intelligent life. The anthropic principle appears to put strong constraints on parameters and cross sections for a wide variety of chemical and nuclear processes.
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