1. Selected books and reviews published in 1991-1992 (refer to 1e, 1k and 1m for a complete list): (a) S.T. Crooke and B. Lebleu, Antisense Research and Applications, CRC Press, Inc.: Florida (1993); (b) F. Eckstein, Ed., Oligonucleotides and Analogs: A Practical Approach, IRL Press, New York (1991) (c) R.P. Erickson and J.G. Izant, Eds., Gene Regulation: Biology of Antisense RNA and DNA, Raven Press, Ltd., New York (1992); (d) E. Wickstrom, Ed., Prospects for Antisense Nucleic Acid Therapy of Cancer and AIDS, Wiley-Liss, New York (1991); (e) P.D. Cook, Medicinal Chemistry of Antisense Oligonucleotides-Future Opportunities, Anti-Cancer Drug Des. 6:585 (1991); (f) D.G. Knorre and V.V. Vlassov, Reactive oligonucleotide derivatives as gene-targeted biologically active compounds and affinity probes, Genetica, 85:53 (1991); (g) V. English and D.H. Gauss, Chemically modified oligonucleotides as probes and inhibitors, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., Engl. 30:613 (1991); (h) M.J. Gait, DNA/RNA synthesis and labelling, Current Opinion in Biotech., 2:61 (1991); (i) C. Helénè, The Anti-Gene Strategy: Control of Gene Expression by Triplex-Forming-Oligonucleotides, Anti-Cancer Drug Des. 6:569 (1991); (j) J.S. Cohen, Antisense oligonucleotides as antiviral agents, Antiviral Res., 16:121 (1991); (k) S.L. Beaucage and R.P. Iyer, The synthesis of oligonucleotides via the phosphoramidite approach: advances and applications, Tetrahedron, 48:2223 (1992); (1) S.L. Beaucage and R.P. Iyer, Phosphoramidite derivatives and their synthetic applications, Tetrahedron, 49: in press (1993); (m) E. Uhlmann and A. Peyman, Oligonucleotide Analogs Containing Dephospho Internucleoside Linkages in Methods in Molecular Biology, Chapter 16: Oligonucleotide Synthesis Protocols, S. Agrawal, Ed., The Humana Press Inc., Totowa, New Jersey (1993) (The authors would like to thank Dr. Uhlmann for a preprint of foregoing article).
2. G. Zon and T.G. Geister, Phosphorothioate oligonucleotides: chemistry, purification, analysis scale-up and future directions. Anti-Cancer Drug Des. 6:539 (1991).
3. P. S. Miller, Oligonucleoside methylphosphonates as antisense reagents, Biotechnology 9:358 (1991).
4. V. Glaser, Antisense faces first human clinical test, Genetic Eng. News 12:1 (1992); See reference 1a for details.
5. M.P. Mertes and E.A. Coats, Synthesis of carbonate analogs of dinucleosides, J. Med. Chem. 12:154 (1969).