A multicenter prospective study on the management of hepatoblastoma in children: a report from the Chinese Children’s Cancer Group

Author:

Tang Meng-Jie,Ma Xiao-Li,He Xiang-Ling,Pan Wei-Hua,Zhang Xiao-Hong,Jiang Sha-Yi,Gao Ju,Li Fu,Yao Wei,Gu Song,Zhang Wei-Ling,Zhao Qiang,Huang Shi-Hao,Fang Yong-Jun,Liu Wei,Niu Hui-Zhong,Wang Chun-Mei,Sun Li-Rong,Gao Hui,Dai Yun-Peng,Huang Shun-Gen,Zhong Zhi-Yong,Wang Xi-Ge,Li Zhong-Rong,Yang Liang-Chun,Wu Ye-Ming,Wang Huan-Min,Sun Xin,Yuan Xiao-JunORCID

Abstract

Abstract Background This study aimed to identify survival risk factors in Chinese children with hepatoblastoma (HB) and assess the effectiveness of the new treatment protocol proposed by the Chinese Children’s Cancer Group (CCCG) in 2016. Methods A multicenter, prospective study that included 399 patients with HB from January 2015 to June 2020 was conducted. Patient demographics, treatment protocols, and other related information were collected. Cox regression models and Kaplan–Meier curve methods were used. Results The 4-year event-free survival (EFS) and overall survival (OS) were 76.9 and 93.5%, respectively. The 4-year EFS rates for the very-low-risk, low-risk, intermediate-risk, and high-risk groups were 100%, 91.6%, 81.7%, and 51.0%, respectively. The 4-year OS was 100%, 97.3%, 94.4%, and 86.8%, respectively. Cox regression analysis found that age, tumor rupture (R +), and extrahepatic tumor extension (E +) were independent prognostic factors. A total of 299 patients had complete remission, and 19 relapsed. Patients with declining alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) > 75% after the first two cycles of neoadjuvant chemotherapy had a better EFS and OS than those ≤ 75%. Conclusions The survival outcome of HB children has dramatically improved since the implementation of CCCG-HB-2016 therapy. Age ≥ 8 years, R + , and E + were independent risk factors for prognosis. Patients with a declining AFP > 75% after the first two cycles of neoadjuvant chemotherapy had better EFS and OS. Graphical abstract

Funder

Shanghai Municipal Hospital New Frontier Technology Joint Key Project

Publisher

Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Subject

Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health

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