1. Department of Surgery; Teikyo University School of Medicine; 2-11-1, Kaga-cho, Itabashi Tokyo 173-8605 Japan
2. Department of Surgical Oncology and Gastroenterological Surgery; Sapporo Medical University Graduate School of Medicine; Sapporo Japan
3. Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine; Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine; Nagoya Japan
4. Department of Hemodialysis and Surgery; International University of Health and Welfare, Clinical Research Center, Kaken Hospital; Chiba Japan
5. Department of Healthcare Economics and Quality Management; Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine; Kyoto Japan
6. Department of Surgery; Kumamoto Regional Medical Center; Kumamoto Japan
7. Department of Surgery; National Hospital Organization Sendai Medical Center; Sendai Japan
8. Department of Hepatobiliary Pancreatic and Transplant Surgery; Mie University Graduate School of Medicine; Mie Japan
9. Department of Radiology, Graduate School of Medical Science; Kanazawa University; Kanazawa Japan
10. Critical Care and Emergency Center; Yokohama City University Medical Center; Yokohama Japan
11. Division of Gastroenterology; Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine; Sendai Japan
12. General Internal Medicine; Japanese Red Cross Society Nagoya Daini Hospital; Nagoya Japan
13. Department of Gastroenterology; Ogaki Municipal Hospital; Ogaki Japan
14. Department of Health Informatics; Kyoto University School of Public Health; Kyoto Japan
15. Department of Radiology; University of Tokyo; Tokyo Japan
16. Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences; Kyushu University; Fukuoka Japan