Photonic Crystal Resonator in the Millimeter/Terahertz Range as a Thin Film Sensor for Future Biosensor Applications

Author:

Zhao YixiongORCID,Vora Kunj,Liu Xuan,Bögel Gerd vom,Seidl Karsten,Balzer Jan C.

Abstract

Abstract With recent developments, terahertz (THz) technology has attracted great interest in many different fields of research and application. In particular, biosensors that detect a thin film of captured pathogens are in high demand for rapid diagnosis. Based on the interaction between analytes under test and electromagnetic (EM) field, THz resonators are sensitive to changes in the permittivity of the analyte and have the potential to become sensitive thin-film sensors. However, conventional metamaterial methods have low Q factors, leading to small amplitude variations and ambiguous detection. Here, we present a photonic crystal (PhC)–based resonator with a high Q factor that is sensitive to a monolayer of beads in the µm size range. The PhC resonator made of high resistivity silicon (HRSi) shows a Q factor of 750, which is much higher compared to metamaterial-based methods. Its resonance shift is linearly related to the coverage of the micron-sized beads on its surface. Moreover, simulation results with a thin film model of a single layer of the beads showed agreement with the experimental results. Although the achieved sensitivity needs to be improved by enhancing the field concentration on the analyte, our results suggest that THz PhC resonators with high Q factor are promising for biosensing applications. We anticipate our work to be a starting point for biochips with improved sensing capabilities and more functionality.

Funder

Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft

Universität Duisburg-Essen

Publisher

Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Subject

Electrical and Electronic Engineering,Condensed Matter Physics,Instrumentation,Radiation

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