1. We wish to thank Jean Dhombres for reading a draft for this text and for his helpful advice.
2. P. Baud, L’industrie chimique en France: Etude historique et géographique (Paris, 1932); P. Baud, Traité de chimie industrielle (14th ed.; Paris, 1952); F. Leprieur, Les conditions de la constitution d’une discipline scientifique en France (1830–1880), [thesis, University of Paris Sorbonne, 1977]; F. Leprieur and P. Papon, ‘Synthetic dyestuffs: The relations between academic chemistry and the chemical industry in the nineteenth century’, Minerva, (1979), 197–224; A.S. Travis, The Rainbow Makers: The Origins of the Synthetic Dyestuffs in Western Europe ( Bethlehem, Pa., 1993 ).
3. For example: Histoire documentaire de l’industrie de Mulhouse et de ses environs au XJXème siècle (Mulhouse, 1902); Histoire de l’Ecole de chimie de Mulhouse, publiée à l’occasion du 25ème anniversaire d’enseignement de M.E. Noelting, 1880–1905 (Strasbourg, 1905); (Ecole supérieur de chimie de Mulhouse), Histoire de l’école 1822–1972, (Mulhouse, 1972); R. Fox, ‘Science, industrie et société à Mulhouse: 1798–1871’, Culture technique, no. 18 (March 1988), 10–29, also published as: ‘Presidential address: Science, industry, and the social order in Mulhouse, 1798–1871’, British Journal for the History of Science
17 (1984), 127–168.
4. C. Fontanon and A. Grelon eds., Les professeurs du Conservatoire national des arts et métiers—Dictionnaire biographique 1794–1955, 2 vols. (Paris, 1994 ). On Rosenstiehl, see also the obituary by Albin Haller in Bulletin de la Société Chimique de France [4] 21 (1917), i-xxiv.
5. J.R. Partington, A History of Chemistry (London, (972); Travis, op. cit. (2).