1. Apfelbach, R. and Leong, D. (1970) Zum Kampfverhalten in der Gattung Tilapia (Pisces, Cichlidae). Z. Tierpsychol. 27, 98–107.
2. Aronson, L.A. (1949) An analysis of the reproductive behaviour in the mouthbreeding cichlid fish Tilapia macrocephala (Bleeker). Zoologica 34, 133–158.
3. Baerends, G.P. and Baerends-van Roon, J.M. (1950) An introduction to the ethology of the cichlid fishes. Behaviour 1( Supplement), 1–242.
4. Baerends, G.P. and Blokzijl, G.J. (1963) Gedanken über das Entstehen von Formdivergenzen zwischen homologen Signalhandlungen verwandter Arten. Z. Tierpsychol 20, 517–528.
5. Baldaccini, E.O. (1973) An ethological study of the reproductive behaviour including colour patterns of the cichlid fish Tilapia mariae. Monit. Zool. ltal. 7, 247–290.